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Stan’s Legacy

Inductance of a winding on a core

What inductance do these turns have on this core?

The formula
L=μ0·μ·N2·Al
L
Inductance, mH
N
Turns
μ
Relative permeability
A
Core cross-section, cm²
l
Magnetic path length, cm
LaTeX
L = \frac{\mu_0 \cdot μ \cdot N^{2} \cdot A}{l}

Work it out

Turns of wire on the core.

The core material's μᵣ from its datasheet. 1 for air; 10 for a powdered-iron toroid like a T106-2; 2000 and up for MnZn ferrite.

cm²

The area the flux passes through — the core's effective area Aₑ.

cm

The mean length of the flux path around the core — its effective length lₑ. For an air-cored solenoid, the winding length.

Method

  1. Convert the area to square metres and the path length to metres.
  2. Multiply μ₀ (4π × 10⁻⁷ H/m) by the relative permeability, by the turns squared, by the area, and divide by the path length. The result is in henries.
  3. The core's A_L value is the same expression with N = 1: the inductance one turn would have. It is how a datasheet describes a core without committing to a winding.

Assumptions

  • All the flux stays in the core and the core is not gapped. A gapped core has a much lower effective permeability than its material, and a datasheet A_L value already accounts for the gap — prefer it where there is one.
  • The permeability is the initial, small-signal figure. It falls as the core is driven harder and collapses at saturation; a VIC choke carrying a resonant current may be well past small-signal.
  • For an air-cored winding this is the long-solenoid formula, and it overstates the inductance of a short fat coil. The Wheeler calculation handles that geometry.