0:00
NeuralStan
·
This is The Filling Station, an episode made by the archive at Stan's Legacy.
0:05
NeuralStan
·
I am NeuralStan, and I am a machine, not a man.
0:09
NeuralStan
·
And tonight, for the first time, this is not about Stanley Meyer.
0:13
NeuralStan
·
It is about his twin brother.
0:17
Evil Stan
·
A second Meyer!
0:17
Evil Stan
·
Nobody tells me anything.
0:22
NeuralStan
·
Stephen Foster Meyer, Stan's twin brother, of Golden Valley, Minnesota.
0:25
NeuralStan
·
He filed this in April two thousand and four, six years after his brother died, and assigned it to himself.
0:32
NeuralStan
·
And the archive knows a good deal about him, which is easy to miss.
0:34
NeuralStan
·
It holds six hours of him talking, recorded in two thousand and seven, and he is a good witness about his own childhood.
0:43
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Stan and I really went through, we went through the gamut of crystal radios.
0:47
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
When we were kids, it was coming out of the war years, and everything was vacuum tube.
0:51
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
We would wind coils around blocks of wood and then get a crystal.
0:56
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
And I had these germanium crystals at the time, and they were point contact type devices.
1:00
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
And we would go down and get earphones and put them on.
1:03
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
And then I would adjust that catwhisker on that germanium rock.
1:07
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
It just looked like a rock.
1:08
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
And then you could hear the sound.
1:15
NeuralStan
·
Crystal sets, germanium, a catwhisker on a rock.
1:18
NeuralStan
·
Then the Air Force at twenty-one.
1:20
NeuralStan
·
Hold that, because in about nine minutes it explains the one sentence in this patent that everybody trips over.
1:27
NeuralStan
·
And I want to say the most important thing about the document straight away, because it sets the tone for everything after.
1:33
NeuralStan
·
It does not claim any new physics.
1:37
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Fuel cell and auto industries have been looking for methods and apparatus that can supply a source of hydrogen and oxygen for its new hybrid industry.
1:43
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
This invention is such a device.
1:50
Evil Stan
·
So where is the good part?
1:52
Evil Stan
·
Where is the mass energy equivalence written on a spark plug?
1:58
NeuralStan
·
There isn't one.
1:59
NeuralStan
·
That is the good part.
2:01
NeuralStan
·
He states the purpose in one sentence at the top, and it is worth hearing how modest it is.
2:07
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
The MLS hydroxyl filling station is a hydroxyl gas and heat generating system, using a renewable source of liquid supply such as water.
2:17
NeuralStan
·
And here is the whole thing on one page, which is easier than any description of it.
2:22
NeuralStan
·
A tank of water with six arrays submerged in it, numbered one twenty and one thirty-three.
2:26
NeuralStan
·
A jacket around it, fifty, with a pump, a filter and a radiator.
2:28
NeuralStan
·
Two three-phase generators driving the arrays through six matching cards.
2:33
NeuralStan
·
And on the output side, in order: a liquid trap, a flow restrictor, a compressor, a storage tank, a safety cut-off, a regulator and a flashback arrestor.
2:47
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
The invention is a computerized automatic on site, mobile hydroxyl gas producing filling station that allows the products being produced to be used either by the hydrogen fuel cells installed in automobiles, trucks, buses, boats and land base generating applications, or in any internal combustion engine.
3:11
Evil Stan
·
Every part on that drawing has a number and every number is in the text.
3:17
Evil Stan
·
Do you know how rare that is in this archive?
3:23
NeuralStan
·
The arrays are the interesting part, and the arrangement is not the obvious one.
3:28
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Note that the center wave-guide element is used as the electrical reference point for both outside and inside elements of array one thirty two.
3:37
NeuralStan
·
Three concentric tubes.
3:39
NeuralStan
·
The middle one is held as the zero.
3:41
NeuralStan
·
The inside and the outside are driven against it, each with a direct-current bias of its own, and an alternating signal riding on top.
3:51
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Note the DC bias voltage, plus and minus, on either side of the center electrical reference point, zero volts.
3:56
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
It is this bias voltage, being modulated by multi polarity differential signals, that contributes to the wave-guide action of the arrays.
4:08
Evil Stan
·
Two plates is one capacitor.
4:12
Evil Stan
·
Three tubes is two capacitors and a shared middle.
4:15
Evil Stan
·
And you can drive them out of phase, which he does, and the drawing shows it.
4:22
NeuralStan
·
And now the numbers, which are printed on the figure and almost never quoted.
4:25
NeuralStan
·
Signal A runs from about three and a half volts to fifteen and a half.
4:28
NeuralStan
·
Signal B from minus four to minus sixteen.
4:30
NeuralStan
·
So the differential across inner to outer is about thirty volts peak, and the water never sees a symmetrical swing.
4:39
NeuralStan
·
And in the header, in small type at the top: frequency, four hundred and ninety-six point nine hertz.
4:46
Evil Stan
·
Four hundred and ninety-six point nine.
4:48
Evil Stan
·
Not five hundred.
4:50
Evil Stan
·
He wrote down what the scope said, which is how you can tell it was a scope and not an ambition.
4:54
NeuralStan
·
That is the whole electrical specification of this cell, and it has been printed in a public document since two thousand and five.
5:01
NeuralStan
·
This is the page to open if you want to know what he actually built, and it settles something that is usually got wrong.
5:08
NeuralStan
·
You will hear this described as three-phase rectification: six-pulse ripple, thirteen point four per cent, twelve pulses a cycle with two generators.
5:17
NeuralStan
·
That describes a circuit he did not build.
5:19
NeuralStan
·
There is no common direct-current bus on this drawing.
5:23
NeuralStan
·
Each phase goes through its own fuse into its own card and feeds one array, half-wave rectified and filtered, exactly as figure five draws it.
5:31
NeuralStan
·
What is actually on the card is better.
5:34
NeuralStan
·
Each phase enters through a six amp slow-blow fuse.
5:38
NeuralStan
·
Then an N T E five eight one seven Schottky diode.
5:40
NeuralStan
·
Then a one point seven millihenry choke.
5:43
NeuralStan
·
Then a ladder of sixty-eight microfarad capacitors with ten megohm bleeders across them.
5:48
NeuralStan
·
Then a second diode and choke, and out through switches to the array's inside and outside elements.
5:56
Evil Stan
·
He fused each phase at six amps.
6:00
Evil Stan
·
Slow blow.
6:01
Evil Stan
·
That is the most conservative number in any Meyer patent, and it is the one nobody quotes.
6:08
Evil Stan
·
And ten megohms to drain sixty-eight microfarads.
6:13
Evil Stan
·
That is an eleven minute time constant.
6:16
Evil Stan
·
He wanted you to have time to think before you touched it.
6:20
NeuralStan
·
The switches are not decoration either.
6:24
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
These signals are then coupled to the triple array elements, inside, middle, outside, by alternating the connection between the inside and outside elements.
6:36
NeuralStan
·
So the drive alternates between the inner and the outer tube.
6:38
NeuralStan
·
That is what makes the multi-polarity differential of figure five, and it is almost never mentioned.
6:45
NeuralStan
·
So why three phases, if not for ripple?
6:47
NeuralStan
·
Because of what it does across the bath, and this is the part of the design that has no equivalent in his brother's work.
6:55
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
It is important to note that not only is the gas produced between the elements in an array, but also between each array installed in cell one twenty.
7:05
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
See array A B C phase relationship.
7:09
NeuralStan
·
Six arrays, fed from two three-phase sets that are synchronised with each other.
7:14
NeuralStan
·
So neighbouring arrays sit a hundred and twenty degrees apart in the cycle, and the potential difference is not only across each array.
7:20
NeuralStan
·
It is also between one array and the next, and that difference turns around the tank as the phases rotate.
7:29
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
It is the combination of the impedance matching circuits, signal transformations, the cell configuration and materials used in arrays, and the rotational phase relationship between arrays, and the submersion of these arrays in a bath of water, that allows the MLS hydroxyl filling station to produce large amounts of hydroxyl gases.
7:54
Evil Stan
·
A rotating field.
7:55
Evil Stan
·
In a bucket of water.
7:57
Evil Stan
·
Why has nobody built this?
8:01
NeuralStan
·
As far as this archive knows, nobody has.
8:04
NeuralStan
·
Which is a strange thing to be able to say about a published patent that anyone can read.
8:09
NeuralStan
·
And he adds something honest, which is rarer than it should be in this archive.
8:14
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Also, that the array elements themselves are supplying much of the ions needed for the production of the gases.
8:23
NeuralStan
·
The metal is taking part.
8:24
NeuralStan
·
Whether that means the anodes are corroding, or whether he means the surface chemistry at the metal face, he does not say, and it gets read as consumption.
8:33
NeuralStan
·
Both are ordinary electrochemistry, and it is a weighing job: weigh the arrays before and after a hundred hours, and test the bath for iron and chromium.
8:43
NeuralStan
·
Here is the line in the patent that this film is built around.
8:47
NeuralStan
·
It is one clause, and it asks for two things.
8:51
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Also, the frequency of figure five is adjusted to match the electrical wave-length of the arrays one thirty two, and the impedance of water bath one thirty three.
9:01
NeuralStan
·
Match the electrical wavelength of the arrays.
9:04
NeuralStan
·
And match the impedance of the water.
9:06
NeuralStan
·
Both of those are real, standard, well-understood engineering.
9:10
NeuralStan
·
They are also completely different operations, and only one of them can be done at the frequencies this cell runs at.
9:17
NeuralStan
·
Before I tell you which, have a guess.
9:18
NeuralStan
·
It is worth a moment, because if you build cells, one of these is on your bench this afternoon and the other is not.
9:26
NeuralStan
·
So, the wavelength.
9:27
NeuralStan
·
Water slows an electromagnetic wave a great deal, because its permittivity is about seventy-eight, which means a wave inside it travels at roughly a ninth of the speed it manages in air.
9:38
NeuralStan
·
A three-inch element is a quarter wavelength at a hundred and eleven megahertz.
9:40
NeuralStan
·
Six inches, fifty-five.
9:42
NeuralStan
·
That is F M radio territory.
9:47
NeuralStan
·
Now go the other way, with his own frequency rather than my guess.
9:51
NeuralStan
·
At four hundred and ninety-six point nine hertz, a quarter wave in water is seventeen kilometres.
9:55
NeuralStan
·
His array is three inches.
9:59
Evil Stan
·
So it is a point.
10:00
Evil Stan
·
There is no wave on it.
10:01
Evil Stan
·
It is metal, in water, at an audio frequency.
10:06
NeuralStan
·
Which means that half of his sentence describes something that is not happening in this cell.
10:11
NeuralStan
·
And the interesting question is not whether it can, but where he got the idea.
10:14
NeuralStan
·
He tells us.
10:15
NeuralStan
·
In his own voice, on tape.
10:18
NeuralStan
·
In the patent it is one line, four paragraphs after the sentence we just read.
10:24
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
The result of this is just like the operation of a radio transmitter matching its signal to the air via the antenna impedance.
10:34
NeuralStan
·
And in two thousand and seven, asked about the tubes, he says it at length, and it is the most useful thing the archive holds about this patent.
10:43
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
You have to look at the wave guide theory.
10:44
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
We started off, we took a bunch of tubes and we cut them off at a certain height.
10:47
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
There is a reason for that, because if you look at wave guide theory, you know that you have a frequency, it is like an antenna.
10:55
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
You know, Marconi.
10:59
NeuralStan
·
So he did mean physical length.
11:02
NeuralStan
·
He cut the tubes to a height, for a reason, and the reason was antenna practice.
11:05
NeuralStan
·
And the arithmetic we just did says that at five hundred hertz it cannot work that way.
11:12
NeuralStan
·
But listen to what he says about the other half, because this is a man who understands impedance matching completely.
11:19
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Marconi found out that the atmosphere has fifty ohms impedance, and so when he designed his antenna, he designed his antenna so it would match the impedance.
11:28
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
The signal would get down that wire, and it was matched to fifty ohms and seventy ohms, and it went into the air, and it transmitted.
11:36
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
And if you don't match the impedance, you get a reflective wave, and the wave energy that's reflected back is like ninety per cent of what you're trying to push out, so it doesn't work.
11:49
Evil Stan
·
Fifty ohms.
11:51
Evil Stan
·
Reflected power.
11:53
Evil Stan
·
Standing wave ratio.
11:56
Evil Stan
·
He goes on to give the figure for a modern antenna, one point one to one.
12:00
Evil Stan
·
That is not a man reaching for a word he half understands.
12:03
Evil Stan
·
That is a radio engineer telling you the thing he actually knows.
12:11
NeuralStan
·
So the sentence in the patent joins two ideas that are joined in radio, where an antenna is cut to a wavelength and matched to the transmitter and both are true at once.
12:18
NeuralStan
·
In water, at five hundred hertz, only the second one is.
12:21
NeuralStan
·
Everything he built serves the second one.
12:25
NeuralStan
·
And that half of the sentence is the part to take away, so here it is as a curve.
12:29
NeuralStan
·
Any source has an impedance of its own.
12:32
NeuralStan
·
A generator, a transformer winding, a driver stage.
12:34
NeuralStan
·
And there is a theorem about what happens when you connect it to a load: the power delivered is greatest when the load impedance equals the source impedance.
12:42
NeuralStan
·
Not higher, not lower.
12:43
NeuralStan
·
Equal.
12:48
NeuralStan
·
That is this chart.
12:49
NeuralStan
·
Fifty ohms of source, and the cell's impedance along the bottom.
12:52
NeuralStan
·
Miss low and you are dumping your power in the source.
12:56
NeuralStan
·
Miss high and you are barely drawing any.
13:00
Evil Stan
·
And look at the fifty, because it is not a convenient round number.
13:03
Evil Stan
·
It is his number.
13:05
Evil Stan
·
Marconi found out the atmosphere has fifty ohms impedance, he says, and that is the figure he has carried around since he was a boy with a catwhisker on a rock.
13:20
NeuralStan
·
Now look at the shape of the top, because this is the useful bit.
13:23
NeuralStan
·
It is broad.
13:24
NeuralStan
·
You keep half of everything available across a thirty-four to one spread of impedance.
13:30
Evil Stan
·
Thirty four to one.
13:32
Evil Stan
·
So you do not have to be right.
13:34
Evil Stan
·
You have to be roughly right.
13:37
NeuralStan
·
Which is what makes it worth doing rather than a counsel of perfection.
13:39
NeuralStan
·
And unlike the wavelength, it is true at every frequency.
13:43
NeuralStan
·
There is no resonance involved at all.
13:47
NeuralStan
·
Look at where he puts the circuits.
13:49
NeuralStan
·
One between each generator phase and its array.
13:51
NeuralStan
·
Six of them, on three cards, each card serving the same phase of both generators.
13:56
NeuralStan
·
That is precisely where an impedance matching network goes.
14:02
NeuralStan
·
So the hardware does the thing that works.
14:05
NeuralStan
·
The sentence reaches for a second idea, the wavelength, that the hardware neither needs nor uses.
14:12
NeuralStan
·
And that is worth being careful about, because it is easy to read a phrase like electrical wavelength, decide the whole thing is confused, and put the document down.
14:22
Evil Stan
·
Someone will read electrical wave-length and stop reading.
14:27
Evil Stan
·
Let them.
14:29
Evil Stan
·
The circuit on the next page does not care.
14:33
NeuralStan
·
His brother would have written a whole chapter about the wavelength.
14:36
Evil Stan
·
He would.
14:38
Evil Stan
·
And this one drew the circuit instead.
14:42
NeuralStan
·
There is one more thing he points at, and he gives it a whole figure and a whole claim of its own.
14:49
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Just as a tuning fork rings when struck by a hammer, so does the wave-guide elements in arrays, immersed into the hydroxyl generating liquid, then struck by the electrical signals from impedance matching circuits.
15:03
NeuralStan
·
The analogy is exactly right, and it is worth pausing on because it is so often used badly.
15:07
NeuralStan
·
A matching network contains inductance and capacitance.
15:10
NeuralStan
·
Put energy into it suddenly and it will oscillate at its own natural frequency and decay.
15:14
NeuralStan
·
That is not a theory; that is what L and C do.
15:20
NeuralStan
·
And there is a number for it, printed at the top of the figure and almost never quoted.
15:23
NeuralStan
·
Thirteen point five zero kilohertz.
15:25
NeuralStan
·
Thirty point five volts between the cursors, on a drive that peaks at sixteen.
15:33
Evil Stan
·
Thirteen and a half kilohertz.
15:34
Evil Stan
·
If you have watched any other episode of this series, you have heard a number like that before, and it was not in a patent filed by an accountant.
15:49
NeuralStan
·
So the ring is real, it has a frequency, it has an amplitude, and it is a pulsed overvoltage on a direct-current-biased electrode.
15:56
NeuralStan
·
Which is the regime his brother spent twenty years trying to build with chokes.
16:03
NeuralStan
·
And now the thing this film exists to hand you, which takes two of his drawings and one line of arithmetic.
16:09
NeuralStan
·
Figure four gives the choke: one point seven millihenries.
16:12
NeuralStan
·
Figure six gives the ring: thirteen and a half kilohertz.
16:14
NeuralStan
·
A coil and a capacitor ring at one over two pi root L C, so if you know two of them you know the third.
16:21
NeuralStan
·
Eighty-two nanofarads.
16:24
NeuralStan
·
That is what his array must look like, electrically, sitting wet in the bath.
16:28
NeuralStan
·
He never writes it down anywhere, and it is the one number that ties his circuit to his water.
16:35
Evil Stan
·
Go and measure yours.
16:36
Evil Stan
·
An L C R meter, dry and then wet, and compare.
16:39
Evil Stan
·
If you get eighty nanofarads from three concentric tubes, that is a lot of capacitance for that geometry, and the extra is the double layer, which is episode fourteen's whole subject.
16:56
NeuralStan
·
And one more thing falls out of the same page.
16:58
NeuralStan
·
One point seven millihenries with one of his sixty-eight microfarad capacitors resonates at four hundred and sixty-eight hertz.
17:07
NeuralStan
·
His generator runs at four hundred and ninety-seven.
17:10
NeuralStan
·
Six per cent apart.
17:12
NeuralStan
·
So the card is not only matching impedances.
17:15
NeuralStan
·
It is a tank, tuned close to the generator, which means the generator's frequency is not a free choice.
17:19
NeuralStan
·
Change it and you walk off the tank.
17:23
Evil Stan
·
Which is a design constraint, printed, in public, for twenty-one years, and as far as this archive knows nobody has ever noticed it.
17:34
NeuralStan
·
There is a reason this patent is built around matching rather than around a waveform, and he gives it, unprompted, in two thousand and seven.
17:44
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Everybody talks about this avalanche.
17:47
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
I get to a certain point, I'm drawing forty amps, and I hear my alternator growl.
17:50
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
Well, you know, it takes twelve horsepower to drive an automobile alternator, and typical alternators will put out about thirty-five amps is what they're designed for.
18:01
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
And so you're trying to run the electrical systems of your car as well as you're trying to drive these cells, and they're taking that voltage and putting it into cells that there's a mismatch.
18:14
NeuralStan
·
Twelve horsepower is nine kilowatts at the crank.
18:17
NeuralStan
·
Thirty-five amps at fourteen volts is under five hundred watts at the terminals.
18:21
NeuralStan
·
And then, he says, a mismatch after that.
18:25
Evil Stan
·
That is a man who has actually sat in a car and listened to the belt.
18:29
Evil Stan
·
Nobody in this archive argues about the belt.
18:32
Evil Stan
·
They argue about the waveform, and the belt is where the money goes.
18:39
NeuralStan
·
So the generators on figure one, and the six cards, are his answer to something he heard happening in his own driveway.
18:44
NeuralStan
·
Nobody has published an impedance match on a Meyer-type cell.
18:48
NeuralStan
·
But somebody has described the mismatched case out loud, and it is him.
18:54
NeuralStan
·
One more decision that looks like housekeeping and is not.
18:59
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
The drawing also shows the water jacket fifty surrounding the cell one twenty, that helps lower its temperature, and allows more production of the hydroxyl gases at higher voltage signals.
19:11
NeuralStan
·
Read that again, because it is not the obvious reason.
19:15
NeuralStan
·
Most people cool a cell because heat is a nuisance.
19:17
NeuralStan
·
He is cooling it to change its electrical properties.
19:21
NeuralStan
·
Water conducts better when it is warm, roughly two per cent per degree.
19:25
NeuralStan
·
Take it from sixty down to twenty-five and the resistance roughly doubles, and a cell with twice the resistance needs twice the voltage for the same current.
19:32
NeuralStan
·
Which, if you have just spent a paragraph matching impedances, matters enormously.
19:39
NeuralStan
·
And there is a sentence further down that almost nobody reads, which makes the same point about the water itself.
19:46
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
After extended running times, the water in cell one twenty is replenished by bath thirty and filtered by forty-five to help control the operating impedance of the cell.
19:58
Evil Stan
·
Filtered to help control the operating impedance.
20:02
Evil Stan
·
So the radiator is part of the circuit, and so is the filter.
20:06
Evil Stan
·
Temperature, purity and frequency are three knobs, all of them on the match, all of them named in the text.
20:18
NeuralStan
·
So what would one of these deliver?
20:20
NeuralStan
·
Faraday's law sets the ceiling, and it does not care how clever the waveform is.
20:24
NeuralStan
·
But take the current from his own drawing rather than from a guess.
20:29
NeuralStan
·
Six amps, slow blow, per phase.
20:32
NeuralStan
·
Six arrays.
20:33
NeuralStan
·
Thirty-six amps in total, and that is the most his own fuses will pass.
20:37
NeuralStan
·
By Faraday, at a hundred per cent efficiency which nothing reaches, that is about sixteen litres of hydrogen an hour.
20:45
Evil Stan
·
You will see figures like a hundred amps per array and a five thousand litre tank.
20:49
Evil Stan
·
Neither is in the patent.
20:51
Evil Stan
·
The patent never gives a tank size at all, and the fuses say thirty-six amps, full stop.
20:56
Evil Stan
·
Making the machine bigger than he did, in order to call it slow, is not an argument.
21:07
NeuralStan
·
At sixteen litres an hour, five thousand litres takes about three hundred hours.
21:11
NeuralStan
·
Though note that his tank runs at eighty pounds, so five thousand litres of gas at atmospheric pressure fits in a cylinder of about seven hundred and eighty.
21:20
NeuralStan
·
And look at what he called it.
21:21
NeuralStan
·
A filling station.
21:21
NeuralStan
·
Not a pump.
21:23
NeuralStan
·
It sits there and works overnight, like the charger on an electric car does now, twenty years later.
21:27
NeuralStan
·
He was not promising to fill your tank while you waited, which is why there is a computer and an alarm panel on it.
21:36
NeuralStan
·
The patent also tells you how to run it, with numbers, which is more than most do.
21:40
NeuralStan
·
And it has a screen.
21:43
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
The software program has five main functions.
21:46
Stephen Meyer (synthetic voice)
·
They are: to purge the system of ambient air; check and test for any equipment malfunctions; ready the system for production; monitor and control current activities of the production; and safety shutdown of the system on detection of alarms.
22:04
NeuralStan
·
First it purges.
22:05
NeuralStan
·
The vacuum pump pulls the ambient air out of the cell, the trap and the compressor, and the program will not proceed until it has found no leaks.
22:12
NeuralStan
·
Then the cooling comes on, before any power reaches the water.
22:16
NeuralStan
·
Then the generators run until the cell reaches about five pounds, the power goes off, and the compressor draws the cell back down to near zero.
22:23
NeuralStan
·
Then it repeats.
22:24
NeuralStan
·
The tank fills to eighty pounds and the regulator delivers at forty.
22:31
Evil Stan
·
Start.
22:32
Evil Stan
·
Stop.
22:33
Evil Stan
·
Clear.
22:34
Evil Stan
·
Change.
22:35
Evil Stan
·
Test.
22:36
Evil Stan
·
Five buttons.
22:37
Evil Stan
·
His brother's panel had nine posts and a prayer.
22:41
NeuralStan
·
And there is a paragraph at the end that almost nobody reads: the source code was filed with the application.
22:45
NeuralStan
·
Nineteen pages of it, plus the tank and temperature tracking forms and the cell charge timings, all listed by filename.
22:55
Evil Stan
·
Claim eight is that he pumps the air out before he starts.
22:58
Evil Stan
·
It is the only claim in the archive that a fire officer would sign.
23:04
NeuralStan
·
And there is one more thing in this patent that I want to point at, because it is the part that would keep somebody alive.
23:10
NeuralStan
·
This machine makes hydrogen and oxygen together, in exactly the proportion that they burn in.
23:15
NeuralStan
·
That is the most flammable mixture in ordinary use, and it will ignite on a spark you cannot see.
23:22
NeuralStan
·
So look at what is between the cell and the outside world.
23:24
NeuralStan
·
A liquid trap.
23:25
NeuralStan
·
An adjustable flow restriction valve.
23:27
NeuralStan
·
A check valve in the compressor.
23:29
NeuralStan
·
Over-pressure relief valves on the cell, the tank and the regulator.
23:33
NeuralStan
·
Pressure gauges and analog sending units on all three.
23:36
NeuralStan
·
A safety cut-off.
23:37
NeuralStan
·
And a flashback arrestor at the very end.
23:42
NeuralStan
·
Episode nine was about the physics of that last part, why a narrow enough passage stops a flame.
23:46
NeuralStan
·
Stephen just fitted one, and fitted eight other things as well, and wired every gauge to the computer so the program can stop.
23:55
Evil Stan
·
Nobody ever put a patent drawing on a wall for the flashback arrestor.
24:01
NeuralStan
·
No.
24:02
NeuralStan
·
But if you build any of this, that is the part to copy first.
24:06
NeuralStan
·
So here is the card, and every line of it is an afternoon.
24:10
NeuralStan
·
First, find your cell's impedance in ohms at the frequency you really drive it.
24:14
NeuralStan
·
A signal generator and a scope will do it; an L C R meter will do it faster.
24:17
NeuralStan
·
Then find your driver's output impedance.
24:19
NeuralStan
·
If they are within a factor of about six, you already have half the power that supply can deliver.
24:24
NeuralStan
·
If they are a thousand to one apart, which is common, most of your electricity is heating the driver.
24:33
NeuralStan
·
Second, measure your array's capacitance, dry and then wet.
24:36
NeuralStan
·
His, derived from his own two figures, is about eighty-two nanofarads.
24:41
NeuralStan
·
Nobody has ever compared that with a real cell.
24:44
NeuralStan
·
Third, put a scope on your own T one and find the ring.
24:47
NeuralStan
·
His is thirteen and a half kilohertz at thirty volts peak to peak.
24:51
NeuralStan
·
Yours will be somewhere else, and where it is tells you your own L and C.
24:59
Evil Stan
·
And fourth, the one that settles his claim five.
25:01
Evil Stan
·
Damp the ring out with a series resistor, and measure the gas rate with it and without it.
25:07
Evil Stan
·
If the gas does not change, the ringing is the circuit settling.
25:13
Evil Stan
·
If it does, he has found something, and it will be the first measured thing anybody has taken out of this patent in twenty-one years.
25:24
NeuralStan
·
I want to finish somewhere other than a verdict, because this document does not need one.
25:29
NeuralStan
·
Here is what is genuinely unknown.
25:32
NeuralStan
·
Nobody has published an impedance match on a Meyer-type cell.
25:35
NeuralStan
·
Nobody has put a scope between his two test points.
25:38
NeuralStan
·
Nobody has measured an array's capacitance wet and compared it with his eighty-two nanofarads.
25:43
NeuralStan
·
Nobody has swept a cell's impedance against temperature, even though his own jacket implies somebody should.
25:48
NeuralStan
·
And nobody, as far as this archive knows, has ever read the nineteen pages of source code he filed with the application.
25:57
Evil Stan
·
Five things.
25:58
Evil Stan
·
And not one of them is a research programme.
26:01
Evil Stan
·
They are afternoons.
26:06
NeuralStan
·
And if you do one of them, send the numbers.
26:07
NeuralStan
·
This archive exists to hold the measurement somebody actually made, so that the next person starts from it rather than from an argument.
26:15
NeuralStan
·
Somebody wrote this down in two thousand and four, and it has been sitting here ever since, waiting for a scope.
26:21
NeuralStan
·
Everything shown tonight is on the episode page, in the order it came up.
26:25
NeuralStan
·
Every sentence in Stephen's voice is either in that patent or on one of the six tapes James Robey recorded with him in two thousand and seven, and you can read the paragraph it came out of.
26:35
NeuralStan
·
The wavelength arithmetic, the matching curve, the eighty-two nanofarads and the Faraday numbers are in a script in the repository beside this film, with the constants at the top.
26:43
NeuralStan
·
Change one and see what moves.
26:46
NeuralStan
·
I am NeuralStan.
26:48
NeuralStan
·
The voices are synthetic.
26:50
NeuralStan
·
The arithmetic is not.
26:52
NeuralStan
·
And somewhere there is a cell that has never had its impedance measured.